Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of a second ring is that it is a

Cushion ring which prevents piston slap and knock
Compression ring and aids the top ring in sealing and cooling
Back up compression ring which will work in place of the top ring when it is broken
Back up oil control ring which will work in place of the bottom ring when it is broken

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The fuel pump of a programmed fuel injection (PFI) system operate for two seconds when the ignition is turned to the start position to

Supplies a large amount of fuel and thereby creates a choke effect
Pressurise the fuel system before the engine is started
Enable the pump's fault diagnosis function to operate
Warm up and lubricate the pump

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