RCC Structures Design
If ‘p’ is the net upward pressure on a square footing of side ‘b’ for a square column of side ‘a’, the maximum bending moment is given by

M = pb (b - a)²/4
M = pb (b + a)/8
M = pb (c - a)/4
M = pb (b - a)²/8
M = pb (b + a)/8

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RCC Structures Design
If p₁ and p₂ are mutually perpendicular principal stresses acting on a soil mass, the normal stress on any plane inclined at angle θ° to the principal plane carrying the principal stress p₁, is:

[(p₁ + p₂)/2] + [(p₁ - p₂)/2] sin 2θ
[(p₁ - p₂)/2] + [(p₁ + p₂)/2] sin 2θ
[(p₁ - p₂)/2] + [(p₁ + p₂)/2] cos 2θ
[(p₁ + p₂)/2] + [(p₁ - p₂)/2] cos 2θ

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