Machine Design
If d is the normal diameter of a bolt in mm, then the initial tension in kg in a bolt used for making a fluid tight joint as for steam engine cover joint is calculated by the relation

124 d
138 d
168 d
151 d

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Machine Design
The angle of twist of shaft is

Directly proportional to (shaft diameter)⁴
Inversely proportional to (shaft diameter)⁴
Directly proportional to (shaft diameter)²
Inversely proportional to (shaft diameter)²

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