Process Equipment and Plant Design
If 'D' is the inside diameter of the shell of a shell and tube heat exchanger, then the baffle spacing is usually in the range of

None of these
D/5 or minimum 2" to D
D/2 or minimum 2" to 5D
D/5 or minimum 2" to 5D

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Liquid gradient over a tray can be minimised by

All of these
Using split flow, radial flow or cascade flow for column diameter large than 4 ft
Providing a higher skirt clearance or a higher weir
Decreasing the number of rows of caps through which the liquid flows or by decreasing the velocity of liquid flow past the caps or by reducing the distance along the tray through which the liquid must

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In the case of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the logarithmic mean temperature difference

Is always less than arithmetic average value
Is always less than arithmetic mean value, but more than geometric mean value
May be either more or less than geometric mean and arithmetic mean value depending upon whether the flow of stream is co-current or counter-current
Is always more than arithmetic mean value and the geometric mean value

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