Engineering Thermodynamics
If a system after undergoing a series of processes, returns to the initial state then

Its entropy will change due to irreversibility
Process is thermodynamically in equilibrium
Process is executed in closed system cycle
Sum of heat and work transfer will be zero

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Engineering Thermodynamics
Coke is produced

When coal is strongly heated continuously for 42 to 48 hours in the absence of air in a closed vessel
By heating wood with a limited supply of air to a temperature not less than 280°C
From the finely ground coal by moulding under pressure with or without a binding material
When coal is first dried and then crushed to a fine powder by pulverizing machine

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Engineering Thermodynamics
The distillation carried out in such a way that the liquid with the lowest boiling point is first evaporated and re-condensed, then the liquid with the next higher boiling point is then evaporated and re-condensed, and so on until all the available liquid fuels are separately recovered in the sequence of their boiling points. Such a process is called

Carbonisation
Full distillation
Fractional distillation
Cracking

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