Petroleum Refinery Engineering
Higher boiling fractions like atmospheric residue is distilled under vacuum at low temperature because at high temperature, there is a tendency of the predominance of

Discoloration
Coking
Gum formation
Thermal cracking

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Petroleum Refinery Engineering
Pick out the wrong statement about the smoking tendency of various hydrocarbon constituents of kerosene.

Smoking tendency of hydrocarbons increases in the order : paraffins → isoparaffins → naphthenes → aromatics
Smoking tendency of aromatics decreases with increase in its molecular weight
Smoking tendency of naphthenes decreases with its increasing molecular weight & also on addition of double bond
Smoking tendency of paraffins increases with decrease in its molecular weight

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Petroleum Refinery Engineering
Asphalts are

All of these
Readily oxidisable and form carbonaceous sludge
. Low molecular weight & low boiling point compounds present in petroleum
Desirable in catalytic cracking feedstock, because they produce coke

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Petroleum Refinery Engineering
The order of preference for feedstock to a catalytic reformer is

Coking naphtha - virgin naphtha - catalytic naphtha
Catalytic naphtha - coking naphtha - virgin naphtha
Virgin naphtha - coking naphtha - catalytic naphtha
Virgin naphtha - catalytic naphtha - coking naphtha

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