Modern Indian History
The death of millions of Indian in frequent famines which visited India during the 19th century, were mainly due to

commercialisation of agriculture
unremunerative agriculture and fall in agricultural production
overall shortage of food and its improper distribution
poor purchasing power of the people due to their extreme poverty and rise in prices

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Modern Indian History
Assertion (A): The permanent settlement is said to have initially resulted in increased agricultural production. Reason (R): In this system the Zamindar could keep for himself any increase in the rental of his estate

Both A and R is true but R is not a correct explanation of A
A is false but R is true
A is true but R is false
Both A and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A

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