GETCO Exam Paper (30-11-2008)
In a transformer it is difficult to measure the efficiency by output-input measurement methods because

efficiency of transformer is usually high and hence extremely accurate measurements will be necessary
output is out of phase with respect to input
losses are abnormally high
the output is sinusoidal and hence cannot be measured

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GETCO Exam Paper (30-11-2008)
A buchholz will operate in a transformer whenever there is

any of the above
large internal fault
saturation of magnetic circuit
over load

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