Engineering Materials
Free cutting steels

Is used where rapid machining is the prime requirement
Require minimum cutting force
Can be cut freely
Contain carbon in free from

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Engineering Materials
Nickel in steel

Refines grain size and produces less tendency to carburisation, improves corrosion and heat resistant properties
Improves wear resistance, cutting ability and toughness
Improves cutting ability and reduces hardenability
Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anti-corrosion properties

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Engineering Materials
In a hardening process, the hypo-eutectoid steel is

Heated below or closes to the lower critical temperature and then cooled slowly
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled suddenly in a suitable cooling medium
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled slowly in the furnace
Heated from 30°C to 50°C above the upper critical temperature and then cooled in still air

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Engineering Materials
Aluminium bronze contains

92.5% aluminium, 4% copper, 2% nickel, and 1.5% Mg
94% aluminium, 4% copper and 0.5% Mn, Mg, Si and Fe
90% magnesium and 9% aluminium with some copper
10% aluminium and 90% copper

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