Chemical Reaction Engineering
Promoter.

Atlers the position of equilibrium in a reversible reaction
Increases the number of active centres by increasing the unevenness of catalyst surface and by creating discontinuities in the crystals
All of these
Initiates a chemical reaction and is a catalyst by itself

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Chemical Reaction Engineering
For a tubular reactor with space time 'τ' and residence time 'θ', the following statement holds good.

τ and θ are always equal
τ = θ , when the fluid density changes in the reactor
τ = θ , for an isothermic tubular reactor in which the density of the process fluid is constant
τ = θ , for a non-isothermal reactor

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