Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
Expansion ratio is the ratio of

Swept volume to the clearance volume
Volume at cut-off to the swept volume
Swept volume to the volume at cut-off
Clearance volume to the swept volume

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
In designing air preheaters, the important design consideration is that

Approach temperature should be as low as possible
Stack gases should not be cooled to the dew point
Heat transfer area should be optimum
Handling and maintenance should be easier

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