Microbiology of Soils
Denitrification is

reduction of nitrate (NO3-) to nitrogen gas
reduction of nitrate to organic nitrogen compounds
both (a) and (b)
changing of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) to nitrogen compounds

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Microbiology of Soils
Nitrogen fixation by the microorganisms can be detected by adopting the approach of

All of these
cultivating the microorganisms in the presence of nitrogen labeled with isotropic nitrogen
measuring15N2 by mass spectrometer
demonstrating growth in a nitrogen free medium

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