Computer Networking
Data link layer retransmits the damaged frames in most networks. If the probability of a frame's being damaged is p, what is the mean number of transmissions required to send a frame if acknowledgements are never lost.

K I (K - P)
1/ (1 - F)
P I (K + 1)
None of these
KIK (1 + F)

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Computer Networking
What is the purpose of Spanning Tree Protocol in a switched LAN?

To provide a mechanism for network monitoring in switched environments
To manage the VLAN database across multiple switches
To prevent routing loops in networks with redundant paths
To prevent switching loops in networks with redundant switched paths
To create collision domains

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Computer Networking
You want to create a standard access list that denies the subnet of the following host: 172.16.198.94/19. Which of the following would you start your list with?

access-list 10 deny 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
access-list 10 deny 172.16.192.0 0.0.31.255
access-list 10 deny 172.16.172.0 0.0.31.255
access-list 10 deny 172.16.188.0 0.0.15.255

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