Computer Networking
CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) is

a method of determining which device has access to the transmission medium at any time
network access standard for connecting stations to a circuit-switched network
a very common bit-oriented data link protocol issued by ISO.
None of these
a method access control technique for multiple-access transmission media.

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Computer Networking
HDLC (High-level Data Link Control) is

a method access control technique for multiple-access transmission media
network access standard for connecting stations to a circuit-switched network
a method of determining which device has access to the transmission medium at any time
None of these
a very common bit-oriented data link protocol issued by ISO.

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Computer Networking
The term 'duplex' refers to the ability of the data receiving stations to echo back a confirming message to the sender. In full duplex data transmission, both the sender and the receiver

cannot talk at once
None of these
can do one way data transmission only
can receive and send data simultaneously
can send or receive data one at a time

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