Refractory Technology
Carbon refractories

Do not resist temperature fluctuations
Are not attacked by slags, as they are not wetted by melts
Do not burn/oxidise, when exposed to air on heating
Have extremely low thermal & electrical conductivities

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Refractory Technology
Natural silica

Mainly contains quartz
Is not stable at high temperature
Transforms to other allotropic forms i.e tridymite and cristoballite involving very high volume changes
All of these

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Refractory Technology
Cermets are

All of these
Having high strength & resistance to high temperature
Used in space vehicles, missiles & nuclear energy plants
Composite material containing both ceramic & metallic constituents

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