RCC Structures Design
Based on punching shear consideration, the overall depth of a combined footing under a column A, is

(Perimeter of column A × Safe punching stress)/(Load on column A × Upward pressure × Area of the column)
(Perimeter of column A × Safe punching stress)/(Load on column A + Upward pressure × Area of the column)
None of these
(Area of the column A × Safe punching stress)/Load on column A

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RCC Structures Design
If p₁ and p₂ are mutually perpendicular principal stresses acting on a soil mass, the normal stress on any plane inclined at angle θ° to the principal plane carrying the principal stress p₁, is:

[(p₁ - p₂)/2] + [(p₁ + p₂)/2] cos 2θ
[(p₁ - p₂)/2] + [(p₁ + p₂)/2] sin 2θ
[(p₁ + p₂)/2] + [(p₁ - p₂)/2] sin 2θ
[(p₁ + p₂)/2] + [(p₁ - p₂)/2] cos 2θ

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