Data and Database Administration
Backward recovery is which of the following?

Switching to an existing copy of the database
Where the after-images are applied to the database
Where the before-images are applied to the database
Where the after-images and before-images are applied to the database

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Data and Database Administration
Which of the following is true concerning open-source DBMS?

Is competitive against PC-oriented packages and is not fully SQL compliant
Is free or nearly free database software whose source code is publicly available
Is not competitive against PC-oriented packages and is fully SQL compliant
Is free or nearly free database software whose source code is not publicly available

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Data and Database Administration
Concurrency control is important for which of the following reasons?

To ensure data integrity when updates occur to the database in a single-user environment
To ensure data integrity while reading data occurs to the database in a single-user environment
To ensure data integrity while reading data occurs to the database in a multiuser environment
To ensure data integrity when updates occur to the database in a multiuser environment

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