Physics
An integrated circuit is more advantages than a coventional circuit because

They make the electric equipments more reliable and easier for servicing
A faulty part of a conventional circuit may be difficult to locate and repair
If a part of the integrated circuit fails the entire circuit is simply replaced
All listed here

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Physics
In total internal reflection, the light travel from

Denser to rarer medium and it occurs with no loss of intensity
Rarer to denser medium and it occurs with loss of intensity
Rarer to denser medium and it occurs with no loss of intensity
Denser to rarer medium and it occurs with loss of intensity

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