Machine Design
According to I.B.R., when the thickness of the boiler shell (t) is less than 8 mm, then the diameter of the rivet hole (d) is obtained by

Equating tearing resistance of the plate to the crushing resistance of the rivets
None of these
Equating shearing resistance to the crushing resistance of the rivets
Equating tearing resistance of the plate to the shearing resistance of the rivets

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Machine Design
Plastic flow in ductile materials

Increases the seriousness of static loading stress concentration
Depends on other considerations
Has no effect on it
Lessens the seriousness of static loading stress concentration

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