Surveying
A negative declination shows that the magnetic meridian is to the

eastern side of the true meridian
southern side of the true meridian
None of these
western side of the true meridian

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Surveying
The error due to eccentricity of inner and outer axes can be eliminated by

reading both verniers and taking the mean of the two
taking mean of several readings distributed over different portions of the graduated circle
double sighting
taking both face observations and taking the mean of the two

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