Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
A liquid compressed in cylinder has a volume of 0.04 m3 at 50 kg/cm² and a volume of 0.039 m3 at 150 kg/cm². The bulk modulus of elasticity of liquid is

4000 kg/cm²
40 × 10⁵ kg/cm²
400 kg/cm²
40 × 10⁶ kg/cm²

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The hammer blow in pipes occurs when

The flow of fluid through the pipe is gradually brought to rest by closing of the valve
The flow of fluid through the pipe is suddenly brought to rest by closing of the valve
There is excessive leakage in the pipe
The pipe bursts under high pressure of fluid

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